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CHAPTER 1. PLANE TABLE SURVEYING, 1. The principle of plane table survey is:, Traversing, Ranging, Triangulation, Parallelism, Answer.4. Parallelism, Explanation: Plane table surveying is based on the principle that lines drawn during plotting always lie parallel to the corresponding lines actually present on the ground the principle of plane table surveying is parallelism., 2. Plane table surveying is the ________ of the survey., Graphical Method, Point Method, Line Method, None of the above, Answer.1. Graphical Method, Explanation: Plane table surveying is the graphical method of the survey in which the field observations and plotting are done simultaneously., 3. In plane survey  _______ is the method of locating the point by drawing radial lines from the plane table station to that point., 1.Radiation, 2.Intersection, 3.Resection, 4.Traversing, Answer.1. Radiation, Explanation: Radiation is the method of locating the point by drawing radial lines from the plane table station to that point., 4. In plane survey _____ is a method of locating a point by the intersection of two rays from two different station., Radiation, Intersection, Resection, Traversing, Answer.2. Intersection, Explanation: Intersection is a method of locating a point by the intersection of two rays from two different station., 5. In plane survey  _______   is that type of survey in which a number of connected survey lines form the framework., Radiation, Intersection, Resection, Traversing, Answer. 4.Explanation: Traversing is that type of survey in which a number of connected survey lines form the framework., 6. In plane survey  _______ is the method of locating the station occupied by the plane table, Radiation, Intersection, Resection, Traversing, Answer.3. Resection, Explanation: Resection is the method of locating the station occupied by the plane table when the position of that station had not been previously plotted from another station., 7. Which of the following methods are used for locating the plane table station?, A. Radiation, B. Traversing, C. Intersection, D. Resection, Choose the correct answer below;, Only B and D, Only A and C, Only A and B, Only C and D, Answer.1. Only B and D, Explanation: Radiation and Intersection are the methods to locate the point and Resection is the method to locate the table and Traversing is used in both., Resection is the method of locating the station occupied by the plane table when the position of that station had not been previously plotted from another station., Traversing is that type of survey in which a number of connected survey lines form the framework., 8. Two-point problem and three-point problems are methods of, Resection, Orientation, Orientation and resection, None of these, Answer.3. Orientation and resection, Explanation: Two-point problems and three-point problems are methods of orientation & resection., Resection is a method of plane table surveying in which the location of a plane table is unknown., Orientation is the operation of turning the table so that all the lines on the paper are parallel to the corresponding lines on the ground., 9. Which of the following task is performed first in plane table surveying?, Leveling, Centering, Orientation, Focusing, Answer.1. Leveling, Explanation: - For plane table surveying, Levelling is performed first, followed by centering and then orientation., 10. Which of the following task is performed at the end in the plane table surveying?, Leveling, Centering, Orientation, Focusing, Answer.3. Orientation, Explanation: For plane table surveying, Levelling is performed first, followed by centering and then orientation., 11. The first temporary adjustment to be done after setting up the plane table at any station will be, Orientation, Centering, Leveling, Sighting, Answer.1. Leveling, Explanation:- Plane table surveying consists of three operations: fixing, centering, leveling, and Orientation (For plane table survey only)., Leveling: The top of the table is leveled by moving the legs of the tripod. For plane table surveying, Levelling is performed first., 12. The purpose of Alidade in plane table surveying is:, Leveling the plane table, Eliminating parallax, Centering, Sighting to target points, Answer: 4. Sighting to target points, Explanation :-  An Alidade is an instrument used for sighting the point in plane table surveying. One edge of the ruler is beveled or Fiducial and the other is graduated (used for drawing line of sight)., 13. The types of Alidade used in Plane surveying are, Plain Alidade, Telescopic Alidade, Both 1 & 2, None of the above, Answer.3. Both 1 & 2, Explanation: In Plane surveying, two types of Aldidade are generally used, 1. Plain Alidade: It is very simple and is used for ordinary work., 2. Telescopic Alidade: It is used to take inclined sights., 14. What is the purpose of conducting the resection method in the plane table surveying?, To determine the location of the instrument, To plot the details, To survey hilly region, To survey plain region, Answer.1. To determine the location of the instrument, Explanation: Resection is a method of plane table surveying in which the location of a plane table is unknown. The location of a plane table is determined by looking it to known points., It can be determined through:, Two-point problem, Three-point problem, 15. Regarding the plane-table survey, which of the following statements does not hold true?, It is quite suitable for small scale surveys, Less number of control points are required, All the plotting work including contouring can be done in the field, It can be done in all seasons, Answer.4. It can be done in all seasons, Explanation:, Disadvantages of Plane Table Survey:, The plane table survey is not possible in unfavorable climates such as rain, fog, etc. It can’t be done in all seasons, This method of survey is not very accurate and thus unsuitable for large-scale or precise work., 16. Which of the following represents the CORRECT order of setting up a plane table?, Centering, levelling, and orientation, Centering, orientation and levelling, Levelling, centering and orientation, Levelling, orientation and centering, Answer.3. Leveling, centering and orientation, Explanation:-, For plane table surveying, leveling is performed first, followed by leveling and then orientation., (a) Fixing: The top of the tripod stand is fixed in level by eye estimation at a convenient height with its legs uniformly spread and shoes fixed firmly into the ground., (b) Levelling: The top of the table is levelled by moving the legs of the tripod., (c) Centering: There are two types of operations involved in the centering of the plane table., 17. The operation of revolving a plane table about its vertical axis so that all lines on the sheet become parallel to corresponding lines on the ground is known as, Levelling, Centering, Orientation, Setting, Answer.3. Orientation, Explanation, The operation of revolving a plane table about its vertical axis so that all lines on the sheet become parallel to corresponding lines on the ground is known as Orientation., 18. The method of plane tabling commonly used for establishing the instrument stations only is a, Method of radiation, Method of intersection, Method of traversing, Method of resection, Answer.4. Method of resection, Explanation: The method of plane tabling commonly used for establishing the instrument stations only is a method of resection. Resection is a general term used or the process of determining the location of the instrument station. The principle of resection is opposite to that of the intersection method., 19. The plotting of small areas, which can be commanded from a single station, is usually done on the plane table by the method of, Radiation, Intersection, Traversing, Resection, Answer.1. Radiation, Explanation: The radiation method is suitable for the survey of small areas which can be commanded from a single station., 20. Plane table (PT) surveying is a __________ method., a) Graphical, b) Linear, c) Circular, d) Angular, Answer: a Explanation: In the graphical method of surveying, objects are sighted and taken down as drawings (lines) on a paper. The line gives angle, distance of the object from the station., 21.Plane table is made of:, a) Metal, b) Rubber, c) Wood, d) Plastic, Answer: c Explanation: Plane table is a well-seasoned wooden piece. It is polished and a smooth surface is given on top. The middle bottom portion is threaded to attach a tripod., 22.Which of the below is used for levelling a plane table?, a) Plumb bob, b) Spirit level, c) Compass, d) U-frame, Answer: b Explanation: A spirit level is a rectangular box, containing a small bubble inside it. It is placed on the table, table is moved and fixed when the bubble is centralised., 23.Which of the below is not an advantage of PT survey?, a) Used for accurate works, b) Less costly, c) Field book is not required, d) Rapid method, Answer: a Explanation: It is used only to locate a certain local object. It doesn’t give accurate results and can’t be used for high precision works., 24. Which of the following instrument is used for the measurement of sighting objects in a plane table survey?, Alidade, Clinometers, Cross staff, Prism square, Answer.1. Alidade, Explanation: Alidade is a straight edge ruler having some form of sighting device. One edge of the ruler is beveled and is graduated. Always this edge is used for drawing lines of sight., 25. The ______ is an optical device for measuring elevation angles above horizontal in a plane table survey?, Alidade, Clinometers, Cross staff, Prism square, Answer.2. Clinometers, Explanation: The clinometer is an optical device for measuring elevation angles above horizontal. The most common instruments of this type currently used are compass-clinometers from Suunto or Silva., 26. ______  is an optical square is a hand instrument used by surveyors to lay off right angles in plane table survey?, Alidade, Clinometers, Cross staff, Prism square, Answer.4. Prism square, Explanation: An optical square is a hand instrument used by surveyors to lay off right angles that are multiples of 90° or of 45°., They normally comprise two optical glass pentaprisms in a sturdy housing. Used for placing points on a line, offset measurements, setting our curves, or determining horizontal plans., 27. The two-point problem in plane tabling is essentially a problem of, Orienting the plane table, Centering the table, Finding the line joining the two points, Solving a triangle, Answer.1. Orienting the plane table, Explanation: The two-point problem in plane tabling is essentially a problem of orienting the plane table., (i) It is the process of aligning the plane table by rotating it in the horizontal plane in such a way that all the plotted lines are parallel to the corresponding ground lines., (ii) However the process of orientation disturbs the centering of the plane table and thus both the processes of centering and orientation are done simultaneously., 28. In ____ method of plane table surveying, maximum number of ground measurements are made., Radiation, Intersection, Resection, Traversing, Answer.1. Radiation, Explanation: In the radiation method, the maximum number of ground measurements is made. It is the method of locating the point by drawing radial lines from the plane table station to that point., 29. Which type of survey facilitates field observations and the plotting on a sheet simultaneously?, Compass, Chain, Theodolite, Plane Table, Answer.4. Plane Table, Explanation: Plane table surveying is the graphical method of the survey in which the field observations and plotting are done simultaneously., Plane table surveying is based on the principle that lines were drawn during plotting always lie parallel to the corresponding lines actually present on the ground i.e the principle of plane table surveying is parallelism., 30. The type of surveying that requires least office work is, Tacheometry, Trigonometrical levelling, Plane table surveying, Theodolite surveying, Answer.3. Plane table surveying, Explanation: Plane table is a graphical method of the survey in which the field observations and plotting proceed simultaneously. It is simple and cheaper than theodolite. This method is very advantageous in areas where compass survey is not reliable., As the sighting and plotting are done simultaneously in this method, therefore it required least office work as there are very less chances of mistakes., 31. While surveying a plot of land by the method of plane tabling, the field observations, And plotting processed simultaneously, And plotting do not processed simultaneously, Are recorded in field books to be plotted later, All the above, Answer.1. And plotting processed simultaneously, Explanation: While surveying a plot of land by the method of plane tabling, the field observations and plotting are processed simultaneously., 32. The main advantage of plane table surveying is, Minimum skill requirement, Advantage in magnetic area, Less costly than theodolite surveying, All of the above, Answer.4. All of the above, Explanation: The advantages of the plane table survey is, 1) The observations and plotting are done simultaneously, 2) The errors and mistakes in plotting can be checked by drawing check lines, 3) Irregular objects can be plotted accurately, 4) No great skills are required, 5) It is less costly than a theodolite surveying, 6) It is advantageous in magnetic areas, 33. What are the disadvantages of plane table survey, Not suitable for wet location, Low Accuracy, Re-plot Problem, All of the above, Answer.4. All of the above, Explanation: The disadvantage of plane table survey is, 1) Not suitable for work in a wet climate and in a densely wooded country, 2) Difficult to re-plot the map to a different scale, 3) It does not give highly accurate results, 34.Which of the following does not belong to the instruments of plane table? a) Spirit level, b) Plumb bob, c) Compass, d) Theodolite, Answer: d Explanation: Spirit level is used for levelling the table at the station point. Plumb bob is used to transfer the point in sheet to the ground. Compass is used to indicate the magnetic north. Theodolite is not used in this case as the entire process is done manually without any instrumental usage., 35.In plane table surveying, plotting and recording of values are done simultaneously., a) True, b) False, Answer: a Explanation: Plane table surveying is a graphical method, in which the field observations and plotting process is done simultaneously. It involves making a map in the field while the ground can be seen by the topographer and without intermediate steps of recording in field notes., 36. Alidade is used for___________, a) Sighting, b) Levelling, c) Transferring point to ground, d) Drawing lines, Answer: a Explanation: The presence of eye vane of object vane allows the alidade to bisect the required points which are near by the station., 37. Orientation of table involves which among the following?, a) Traversing, b) Fore sighting, c) Back sighting, d) Measuring bearings, Answer: c Explanation: Orientation by back sighting is a process that involves setting up of the plane table when there is no possibility over the station mark., 38.Orientation by trough compass is done for obtaining precise values., a) True, b) False, Answer: b Explanation: Orientation by trough compass is low accurate method which is done when speed of the work is more important than obtaining accurate values. Orientation by means of back sighting involves in obtaining more precise values., 39.Which of the following indicates the correct set of alidade?, a) Plain, reverse, b) Complex, telescopic, c) Plain, theodolite, d) Plain, telescopic, Answer: d Explanation: In general, two types of alidades are used. They include plain, telescopic alidades. Now-a-days telescopic alidade is fitted on the plane table which is making the work from complex to simple., 40.By plotting and recording values simultaneously, there is a possibility to occur more errors., a) True, b) False, Answer: a Explanation: It might be possible to note the wrong value while processing simultaneously, but it is one of the most accurate methods which gives the best output., 41.In which of the following cases, orientation by back sighting is used?, a) When approximate levelling is required, b) When second point is available for orientation, c) When it is not possible to set instrument over station mark, d) When speed is important than accuracy, Answer: c Explanation: Orientation by back sighting is used when it is not possible to set instruments over station mark and also for obtaining more precise and accurate values., 42.Which of the following processes is employed in case of a small scale?, a) Trisection, b) Intersection, c) Radiation, d) Resection, Answer: d Explanation: Resection is based on the orientation of the table which needs much more care for handling the process. Covering a large area by the resection method makes it a tedious process. So, it is adopted for small scale., 43.Which of the following indicates the procedure for plotting of points occupied by the plane table?, a) Resection, b) Bisection, c) Trisection, d) Intersection, Answer: a Explanation: Both resection and traversing are done so as to obtain the station points. Those are used for placing the plane table and locating the remaining points., 45.Which among the following contains more amounts of errors in its procedure?, a) Orientation by compass, b) Orientation by back sighting, c) Orientation by three point problem, d) Orientation by two point problem, Answer: a Explanation: Since compass gives a rough output and the orientation done by it isn’t accurate enough. So the orientation by compass is employed in case of small scale works where speed of the work is considered., 46.In which of the following methods, graphical method is employed?, a) Back sight orientation, b) Compass orientation, c) Two point problem, d) Three point problem, Answer: d Explanation: Three point method has been further classified as mechanical method, Lehman’s method and graphical method. Each of them will be employed based on the type of work being done and the visibility of points., 47.Which of the following must be done correctly in order to prevent further errors?, a) Usage of alidade, b) Back sighting, c) Orientation, d) Traversing, Answer: c Explanation: resection method is employed for having a clear idea about the station points. So, it requires proper orientation of the table to continue further. Error in orientation can be corrected by following the classification methods, 48.A plumbing fork is used to __________ the plane table., a) Focus, b) Centre, c) Orient, d) Level, Answer: b Explanation: Plumbing fork is also called U-fame. It has a U-shaped frame which can be clamped onto the plane table. The lower end has provision for suspending a plumb bob. It is used to centre the table w.r.t station., 49. How many methods of plane table surveying are there?, a) 2, b) 4, c) 1, d) 3, Answer: b Explanation: There are four ways to perform plane table surveying. They are radiation, inter-section, traversing and resection. First two are employed for locating details and other two for locating plane table stations., 50._________ instrument is used to sight to an object., a) Compass, b) U-frame, c) Plumbing fork, d) Alidade, Answer: d Explanation: Alidade is a straight edge with some form of sighting device. It can be plain (with slits) or telescopic. It is kept on a plane table and objects are sighted.