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aisv P, SRT LS FIL SS EYE, , ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS: ISSUES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS, , The word ethics comes from Greek word ethikos which itself is derived from Greek word ethos, meaning custom or character. The birth of environmental ethics can be credited to threats to physical, condition of world in which we live, realizing that humans are one of the million species on earth, and we share our earth with other forms of life. The concept of environmental ethics originated with, the publication of book by American naturalist Aldo Leopold (1949), he stated” a thing is right, when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability and beauty of biotic community. It is wrong when it, tends otherwise” Silent Spring by Rachel Carson(1962), The population Bomb by Paul Ehrlich (1968)., This idea was carried on by many others and subsequently, first Earth day was held on 22 April 1970, ‘It made people develop some sense of environmental responsibility — that nature matters., , Environmental ethics is a branch of philosophy that considers morality of human actions on, i nt. It is human obligations towards environment and living beings., , Ithas four school of thoughts:, 1) Enlightened (or weak) anthropocentrism:- According to it humans have 4 moral duty towards, , ne another, any duty towards other species is also an indirect duty towards other people. Focusing, , only on human interest at the expense of other species is also objected. It also acknowledged intrinsic, , alue of nature., " 2) Animal liberation/right theory believes, imals as immoral. They believe animals like us,, , 80 deserve our reverence., , in duty towards animals. It considers cruelty to, have rights that comes before other’s interest. They, , , , \
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIEN, , , , to help them flourish,, , 4) Ecocentrism (, , it includes land ethics, deep ecology and theory of natures’ value):- i, not a conqueror of |, , and community but mere member of the land, All organisms and enti, equal right to live and blossom and to realize that defending nature is ba, self-defense,, , Al QUAD CAMERA, , These four school of thoughts express four moral duties:-our du, , Our duty to all life forms and our duty to nature as whole, , @O REDMI NOTE 8 PRO, , CO, , ty tohumans, our duty to 1
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Tareas Wiilvic., , Issues and solutions, , , , , , resource utilize it extravagantly, without thinking about present or future. For instance, Water is one, , of the important resource and due to excessive use of ground water, erratic rains, and impro per, , exploiting resources of developing countries at cheaper rate. This will mak, wealthier. So, ethically Earth resources should be used for the benefit of all,, , 3) Gender inequity:- Being constituting half of the work force, Women are being disc,; :, in health, education, political representation, labor market etc. hindering their Capabilities, freedom of choice. Gender equality remains a major pathway to human development, :, , 4) Loss of biodiversity:- Plants and animals have an equal share on the earth beside, ae, have no right to push any species to extinction which took millions of years to evolve on this cart ;, Humans must live within same ecological limitations as other species do. ;, , We should follow traditional value system of India, where people have valued Mountains, ae, trees and several animals. .
