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The ground tissue system :, , « All the tissues except epidermis and vascular bundles constitute the ground tissue., , « It consists of simple tissues such as parenchyma, collenchyma, Sclerenchyma., , « Parenchymatous cells are present in cortex, pericycle, pith and medullary rays., , « In leaves, the ground tissue consists of thin-walled chloroplast containing cells called, mesophyll., , The vascular tissue system :, , « Vascular system consists of complex tissues - xylem and phloem., , « Xylem and phloem together constitute the vascular bundle., , « Indicot presence of cambium between xylem and phloem called open vascular bundle., , « Vascular bundle without cambium is said to be closed vascular bundle., , « Radial vascular bundle: xylem and phloem arranged alternate manner on the different, radii., , « Conjoint vascular bundle: xylem and phloem are situxted at the same radius of, vascular bundle., , ANATOMY OF DICORYLEDONOUS AND MONOCOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS :Dicotyledonous Root :, , « The outermost layer is epidermis., , « Presence of unicellular root hairs in epidermis., , « The cortex constitutes many layerthir-walled parenchyma cells with intercellular, spaces., , «The innermost layer of corte is.endodermis., , « Endodermis consists of singietayered barrel-shaped cells without intercellular spaces., , « Presence of casparian strip ithe endodermis., , « Next to endodermis theres few layer parenchymatous cells form pericycle., , « Initiation of lateral root and vascular cambium during secondary growth takes place, from the cells of pericycle., , « The parenchymatous cells present in-between xylem and phloem is called conjuctive, tissue., , « The number of xylem and phloem bundle is three or four., , « All the tissues on the inner side of endodermis such as pericycle, vascular bundles and, pith constitute the stele., , , , Monocotyledonous Root :, , « Monocot root have similar tissues as in dicot except :o It contains more than six xylem bundles called polyarch., o Pith is large and well developed., o Do not undergo any secondary growth.