Page 2 : -:tenses:1. Present tense, 2. Past tense, 3. Future tense, , 1. Present tense, (1)Present simple tense:Adverbs:- always, daily, every+ time, regularly, generally, occasionally, normally, usually, sometimes,, frequently, repeatedly, habitually, never, seldom, rarely, often, once/twice+ time, on, Sundays/Mondays., , Affirmative sentences:Sub.+verb1/v+s/es+ obj., Singular subject (he, she, it, name)- verb+s/es, Plural subject(I, we, they, you)- verb1, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , I usually go to school.(go), They visit us often.(visit), Ram works everyday. (work), He always tells us funny stories. (tell), They come to Ramdevra twice in a year. (come), , Negative sentences:Sub.+ do/does+ verb1+obj., Singular subject- does not, Plural subject- do not, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , He does not play tennis twice in a week. (not play), Ram and Shyam do not work on Sundays. (not work), An iron ball does not float on water. (not float), Every year they do not spend their holidays in Kashmir. (not spend), She does not hate cats. (not hate), , Interrogative sentences:Do/does+Sub.+verb1+obj?, 1. Do I wake up at five in the morning? (wake up), 2. Does she take tea every morning? (take), 3. Does Ram exercise regularly? (exercise), By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 3 : -:tenses:-, , Interrogative negative sentences:Do/does+Sub.+not+verb1+object?, 1. Does water not boil at 1000 c?(not boil), 2. Does the last train not leave at midnight? (not leave), 3. Do students not learn their lessons daily? (learn), , Use of present simple tense:Rule 1.- Universal truth1. The Sun rises in the east. (rise), 2. The Earth moves round the Sun. (move), , Rule 2.- Habitual action:1. He takes tea twice a day. (take), 2. Dogs bark at the strangers. (bark), , Rule 3.- Science/ Mathematics theories/principles:1. Water boils at 1000c. (boil), 2. Two and two make/makes four.(make), , Rule 4.- Future planned activity (official)1. The P.M. visits our college next week.(visit), 2. Raju sets out for his journey next week. (set), , Rule 5.- historical events1. Babar comes and captures India. (come), 2. Alexander comes and wins Delhi. (win), , Rule 6.- Imperative sentences –, 1. Open the window. (open), 2. Do not disturb me. (not disturb), , Rule 7.- proverbs1. Fortune favors the brave. (favor), 2. A good beginning makes a good ending. (make), , Rule 8.- here!/there!:1. Here ! comes the Bus.(come), 2. There! go the children. (go), By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 4 : -:tenses:(2)Present continuous tense:Adverbs- now, now a days, these days, at present, at this time, at this moment, right now, at the, moment, currently, look!, watch!, listen!, see!, , Affirmative sentences:Sub.+ is/am/are+ving+obj., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , He is growing beard now.(grow), Vijay is writing a novel these days.(write), They are cleaning the garden at this time.(clean), Look ! the Sun is rising in the east.(rise), Listen ! I am telling something.(tell), , Negative sentences:Sub.+is/am/are+not+ving+obj., 1., 2., 3., 4., , He is not sleeping at present. (not sleep), She is not listening to music at this moment. (not listen), You are not eating your meal now. (not eat), The boys are not playing football in the park right now. (not play), , Interrogative sentences:Is/am/are+sub.+ving+obj?, 1. Is that child crying at this time. (cry), 2. Am I going to hospital now. (go), 3. Is it raining at present. (rain), , Interrogative Negative sentences:Is/am/are+sub.+not+ving+obj?, 1. Is she not singing a song now? (not sing), 2. Are we not learning English grammar now a days? (not learn), 3. Am I not teaching in the class at this time? (not teach), , Non continuous verbs:Notice, recognize, see, smell, hear, taste, look, seem, appear, desire, feel, like, hate, love, prefer, hope,, wish, want, refuse, forgive, agree, believe, consider, suppose, mind, imagine, think, understand,, remember, mean, forget, trust, know, own, possess, belong, contain, consent., Exp:1. I feel better now. (feel), By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 5 : -:tenses:2., 3., 4., 5., , He loves you at present. (love), John seems rather tiring today.(seem)\, He appears here right now. (appear), It smells bad at this moment. (smell), , Rule 1. While/as:I see this plant while/as I am walking in the garden.(walk), ( Present simple+ while/as +present continuous ), , (3)Present perfect tense:Adverbs:- never, ever, yet, so far, already, lately, just, just now, upto now, by now, since/for, this is the, first time/this is the second time.., , Affirmative sentences:Sub.+has/ have+ v3rd+obj., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , I have met that fellow somewhere before. (meet), He has just gone out. (go), They have completed their work just now. (complete), She has already gone to America. (go), Radhika has cut her finger just now. (cut), , 6. It is first time I have come late.(come), , Negative sentences:Sub.+has/have+not+v3rd+obj., 1. She has not made food yet. (not make), 2. Vijay has not learnt English upto now. (not learn), 3. They have not visited America so far. (not visit), , Interrogative sentences:Has/Have+Sub.+v3rd+obj.?, 1. Have you ever ridden a camel? (ride), 2. How many chocolates has he eaten just now?(eat), 3. Has the postman already delivered the letters ? (deliver), , Interrogative negative sentences:has /have+ sub.+not+v3rd+obj.?, 1. Has the postman not come yet?(not come), By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 6 : -:tenses:2. has he not returned from Europe upto now?(not return), 3. have we not completed our syllabus till now? (not complete), , (4)Present perfect continuous tense:Adverbs:- since/for/ all the + time, , Affirmative sentences:Sub.+has/have+been+ving+obj.+since/for+time., 1. They have been living here since 1954. (live), 2. I have been waiting for you all the morning. (wait), 3. It has been raining for two days.(rain), , Negative sentences:Sub.+has/have+not+been +ving+obj.+since/for+time., 1. He has not been writing a story for three hours.(not write), 2. The boys have not been playing cricket since morning.(not play), 3. The country has not been facing a financial crisis since 2014.(not face), , Interrogative sentences:Has/Have+sub.+been+ving+obj.+since/for+time?, 1. Have I been swimming for two hours?(swim), 2. Has it been raining since morning?(rain), 3. Have they been singing since 2 o’clock?(sing), , Interrogative negative sentences:Has/ Have+Sub.+not+been+ving+obj.+since/for+time?, 1. Has he not been playing for two hours?(not play), 2. Have they not been making a noise since morning?(not make), 3. Has Sita not been waiting for him since Monday? (not wait), , 2.Past tense, (1) Past simple tense:Adverbs :- yesterday, ago, before, last night/week/year/month, the day before, the previous day,, year/month/week/ day ago, year/month/week/day back., , By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 7 : -:tenses:Affirmative sentences:Sub.+v2nd+obj., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , She returned from Agra on last Monday.(return), The police caught the thief yesterday.(catch), The thief had escaped before he came into the room. (come), It is exactly five years ago today that we got married. (got), He suddenly realized that he was travelling in wrong direction. (realize), , Negative sentences:Sub.+did not+v1st +obj., 1. I did not go to Jaipur yesterday.(not go), 2. She did not meet me few days back. (not meet), 3. They did not beat him the previous Monday .(not beat), , Interrogative sentences:Did+sub+v1st+obj?, 1. Did you eat any chocolate last night? (eat), 2. Did Columbus discover America? (discover), 3. Did he write a letter two days ago? (write), , Interrogative negative sentences:Did+Sub.+not+v1st+obj.?, 1. Did an accident not take place yesterday? (not take), 2. Did he not come last night? (not come), 3. Did I not write a letter day before yesterday? (not write), , Rule 1. Conditional sentences:If it rained, the farmers would plough their fields. (rain), If you studied hard, you would pass your exam.(study), , Rule .2- if/ as if/ as though/ would that/ I wish/it is time/it is high time, , Examples:1. He speaks as if he were very learned person.(be), 2. He speaks as if he knew everything.(know), 3. It is time we started our journey.(start), , By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 8 : -:tenses:(2)Past continuous tense:Adverbs:- now+ past time, then, these days+ past time, those days, at past, at this time/ at this, moment+ past time, at that moment, at that time., , Affirmative sentences:Sub.+was/were+ving+obj., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , I was studying the whole night. (study), They were watching T.V. at this time yesterday. (watch), Rahim was playing tennis at that time. (play), My aunt was walking in the park when I met her. (walk), They were playing while I was teaching. (play), , Negative sentences:Sub+ was/were+not+ving+obj., 1. She was not crying then. (not cry), 2. He was not reading a novel those days. (not read), 3. They were not smoking then.(not smoke), , Interrogative sentences:Was/Were+Sub.+ving+obj?, 1. Was he scolding you at that time?(scold), 2. Were they teasing you at past? (tease), 3. Were she laughing at you then?(laugh), , Interrogative negative sentences:Was/Were+sub.+not+ving+obj.?, 1. Was she not working at that time?(not work), 2. Were you not making food at this time last Monday?(not make), 3. Was she not bathing when you went there?(not bath), , Rule 1.- while, She was dancing while he was playing chess. (dance), She was cutting vegetables while she cut her finger. (cut), ( Past continuous tense +while + past continuous tense/past simple ), , Rule 2.- when, I was bathing when he came. (bathe), By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 9 : -:tenses:His children were sleeping when he went home. (sleep), (Past continuous + when+ past simple), , (3)Past perfect tense:Adverbs:- after, before, when, until, as soon as., , Affirmative sentences:Sub. +had +v3rd+obj., 1. His children had slept before he came back. (sleep), 2. The police came after the robbers had run away. (run), 3. When I entered the room the thief had already escaped.(escape), , Negative sentences:Sub. +had not+v3rd+obj., 1. My sister had not cooked food before I reached the home.(cook), 2. The patient had not died before the doctor came.(die), , Interrogative sentences:Had+Sub+v3rd+obj?, 1. Had you ever visited jaipur before your trip in 2016.?(visit), 2. Had she washed clothes before you reached there.? (wash), , Interrogative Negative sentences:Had+sub. +not +v3rd+obj?, 1. Had Beena not revised her lessons after her father came? (not revise), 2. Had they not played cricket before the teacher came? (not play), Rule .1- past simple/ past perfect + before/after/when/as soon as+ past simple/ past perfect, 1. My sister had cooked food before I reached the home.(reach), 2. The patient had died before the doctor came.(come), 3. I washed my shirt after I had gone to Jaipur. (go), 4.Rahul cooked food after seela had written a story.(write), 5.Sita went to school after she had finished her work.(go), 6.Rahul cooked food after seela had written a story.(cook), Rule. 2- if/when + past perfect , + would have + v3rd, If he had worked hard, he would have passed., By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 10 : -:tenses:(4)Past perfect continuous tense:Adverbs:- since/for/ all the + time, , Affirmative sentences:Sub.+ had been + ving +obj. + since/for +time., 1. He had been reading a novel for two hours last night. (read), 2. When he was in Agra, he had been learning French for two years. (learn), 3. She had been cooking food for a long time when her mother returned from the market. (cook), , Negative sentences:Sub. + had + not + been + ving + obj. + since/for + time., 1. They had not been playing chess since morning yesterday. (not play), 2. Her mother had not been gathering the garbage for half an hour when she reached there. (not, gather), , Interrogative sentences:Had + Sub.+ been + ving+ obj. + since / for +time?, 1. Had he been learning English all the last year? (learn), 2. Had it been raining since morning when they went home? (rain), , Interrogative negative sentences:Had + sub. + not + been + ving + obj. + since/ for + time?, 1. Had Raju not been watching T.V. for two hours when you reached there? (not watch), 2. Had she not been singing a song since evening yesterday? (not sing), , 3.future tense, (1) future simple tense:Adverbs:- tomorrow , next + day/ week/ month/ year, the following + day/ week/ month/ year, think,, sure, , Affirmative Sentences:Sub. + will/ shall + v1st+ obj., I , we + shall, 1. I shall go (go) to school tomorrow., 2. She will come (come) here on next Monday., By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 11 : -:tenses:3. She will be 20 on 20th of the next month. (be), 4. The next month will be August. (be), , Negative Sentences:Sub. + will/shall + not +v1st +obj., 1. I think it will not rain today. (not rain), 2. he is sure that the doctor will not admit his father in the hospital. (not admit), , Interrogative Sentences:Will/Shall + sub.+ v1st+ obj. ?, 1. Will Rama milk the cow tomorrow?(milk), 2. Shall we meet on next week?(meet), , Interrogative negative Sentences:Will/Shall+ Sub. +not +vst +obj?, 1. Will you not sing a song the following Monday ? (not sing), 2. Shall we not buy any books next year? (not buy), Rule. 1.- Conditional Sentences:if it rains, I shall not come to you. (not come), if Ram helps you, you will complete the work sooner. (complete), , (2)future continuous tense:Adverbs:- these days+ future time, at future, at this time+ future time, at this moment+ future time, , Affirmative Sentences:Sub. + will/ shall +be + ving+ obj., 1. I shall be buying some books at this time tomorrow. (buy), 2. He will be swimming in the river at this moment next Monday. (swim), , Negative Sentences:Sub. + will/shall + not +be +ving +obj., 1. He will not be writing a novel these days next year. (not write), 2. We shall not be travelling by bus at future. (not travel), , Interrogative Sentences:Will/Shall + sub.+be + ving+ obj. ?, By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 12 : -:tenses:1. Will my brother be working in garden at this time tomorrow? (work), 2. Shall we be learning English these days next month? (learn), , Interrogative negative Sentences:Will/Shall+ Sub. +not +be +ving +obj?, 3. Will you not be singing a song at this moment the following Monday ? (not sing), 4. Shall we not be buying any books at future? (not buy), , (3)future perfect tense:Adverbs:- till/ by + future time, before + future time, , Affirmative Sentences:Sub. + will/ shall +have + v3rd+ obj., 1. I shall have revised the course by the end of this month. (revise), 2. They will have left the house before evening. (leave), , Negative Sentences:Sub. + will/shall + not +have +v3rd +obj., 1. By Monday, he will not have posted the letters. (not post), 2. Your friends will not have submitted the forms till next Sunday.(not submit), , Interrogative Sentences:Will/Shall + sub.+have + v3rd+ obj. ?, 1. Will they have repaired their car by 20th of June? (repair), 2. Shall we have reached Kolkata till January?(reach), , Interrogative negative Sentences:Will/Shall+ Sub. +not +have +v3rd +obj?, 1. Will he not have completed his book by May ?(not complete), 2. Shall I not have given his book before he leaves? (not give), Rule. 1.- future perfect tense + present simple (before, after), 1. We shall have reached home before he leaves. (reach), 2. They will have married before their friends come. (marry), , By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 13 : -:tenses:(4)future perfect continuous tense:Adverbs:- since/for + future time, , Affirmative Sentences:Sub. + will/ shall +have +been+ ving+ obj.+since/for+ time., 1. I shall have been playing for an hour tomorrow.(play), 2. She will have been studying since morning next Monday. (study), , Negative Sentences:Sub. + will/shall + not +have +been +ving+obj.+ since/for +time., 1. He will not have been painting the picture for two hours tonight.(not paint), 2. I shall not have been chasing you since next month.(not chase), , Interrogative Sentences:Will/Shall + sub.+have +been+ ving+ obj.+since/for+time ?, 1. Will Rekha have been sewing clothes since next morning.?(sew), 2. Will the patient have been suffering from fever since 4 o’clock tomorrow?(suffer), , Interrogative negative Sentences:Will/Shall+ Sub. +not +have +been+ ving +obj+ since/for+ time?, 1. Will she not have been teaching here since next July? (not teach), 2. Will he not have been curing his parents for a month next year? (not cure), , Tense table, Tense, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9., 10., 11., 12., , Present simple, Present continuous, Present perfect, Present perfect continuous, Past simple, Past continuous, Past perfect, Past perfect continuous, Future simple, Future continuous, Future perfect, Future perfect continuous, , Helping verb, Main verb, 1st, V /v+s/es (Do/does), Is/am/are, Has/have, Has/have+ been, V2nd (Did), Was/were, Had, Had+ been, Shall/will, Shall/will+ be, Shall/will + have, Shall/will + have been, By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 14 : -:tenses:EXERCISE, Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in the brackets :, 1. He always.......................his will. (change), 2. The minister ......................in Ajmer at 3 p.m. on Sunday. (arrive), 3. The earth.................. round the sun. (move), 4. The doctor............... the patient every day. (visit), 5. Listen! Someone............... to open the gate. (try), 6. We........................ a cricket match at this moment. (watch), 7. She......................... exercises on tenses now. (do), 8. Ravi ..................... money to buy a new car. (save), 9. Someone ................. him to report for duty. (inform), 10. I already ................the bell twice. (ring), 11. Anu ...................from Ajmer yet. (not return), 12. She………computer for six months and she hasn’t learnt much yet (learn), 13. The pipe…….. for ages. We must get it repaired. (leak), 14. I……… with him for ten years and he has never greeted me. (work), 15. Last year the government............ new legislation to check pollution.(introduce), 16. When I……….. here first time, it was quite a lonely area. (come), 17. Yesterday I rang you twice but……… no response. (get), 18. India………… freedom in 1947. (get), 19. When I saw her first time, she ............ in a cafe. (sit), 20. He .................. a shock while he was mending a fuse. (get), 21. When I went to see him, he ........ a cricket match on TV. (watch), 22. My father.................. the plants when suddenly the rain started. (water), 23. I went to bed after I ............... my work. (finish), 24. The patient had died before the doctor ............... (arrive), 25. When we entered the cinema hall, the film already............ (start), 26. My sister saw a snake while she..........in the garden. (walk), 27. The emperor........all the treaties and attacked his enemy. (break), 28. I met Rahim yesterday but I.............him so far today. (not see), 29. The trainees...............their seats before the secretary arrived. (occupy), 30. His father..............the principal yesterday. (meet), 31. You are fond of..........in the river. (swim), 32. When she opened the door, she.................a terrible snake. (see), 33. The train had left the platform before I ..................the station. (reach), 34. Our class teacher always ................. on time. (come), 35. My father ...... me a gift for getting first division in Secondary Examination.(give), 36. The student ........................... the class before the teacher arrived. (leave), 37. .......................... is a good exercise to keep our body fit. (dance), 38. We......... a friendly match tomorrow. (play), 39. My grandfather ............ The Hindustan Times daily. (read), 40. They ................ English since 2006. (learn), 41. The postman ...........the post by 11 a.m. everyday. (deliver), 42. While the doctor .......... the patient, there was an uproar in the hall. (examine), 43. Priyanka ....................... to live in this locality recently. (begin), 44. Tomorrow is a holiday. The offices ....................... closed. (remain), By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155

Page 15 : -:tenses:45. In her youth, she .................... hours standing before the mirror. (spend), 46. Bhima ......................... the ball so hard that all his companions failed to stop it.(throw), 47. The pilot came down after the plane ....................................... (land), 48. Vivek with his friend Imtiyaz ......... to Indore by the night bus today.(go)BSER 2014, 49. The Prime Minister ............ the people on the television yesterday. (address), 50. We ............. a big snake on the ground while we were cleaning it. (see), 51. The date of examination has been declared so the students ......for it these days. (prepare), 52. The farmer ............... his property among his sons before he died. (divide), 53. The principal ................ the annual prizes tomorrow. (distribute), 54. Look! an old man .................. after the bus to catch it. (run), 55. Most of the people ................. God daily before taking tea. (worship), 56. When the rain started we .,............ in the field. BSER 2015 (stand), 57. Ekta was reading the newspaper when Nidhi ............ her room. (enter), 58. The Minister for Defence ............. Dr Kalaam on the grand success of the missile (congratulate), 59. Rajiv dropped his mobile while he ............. the bus. (board), 60. Last Sunday when Kiran ....... food in the kitchen one of her friends came to visit her. (cook), 61. Please avoid .............. here. It is a library. (talk), 62. Neetu .................. her painting before she went to market. (complete), 63. Priya left her home early in the morning today. Nobody ......... where has she gone. (know), 64. 'Put on your helmets, you ....... to enter the danger zone now' said the watchman. (go), 65. Hemant .................. here every week end. BSER 2016 (come), 66. You ..................... the story yet. (not finished), 67. Once upon a time there ..................... a big banyan tree. (be), 68. Ramesh ................ this novel last night. (finish), 69. If you run fast, you ........................... the bus. (catch), 70. They ........................... their debts next week. (pay), 71. Students .................... English at this time tomorrow. (read), 72. If Sheetal ................ me, I would have attended her party. BSER 2017 (invite), , ANSWERS : – 1. changes 2. arrives 3. moves 4. visits 5. is trying 6. are watching 7.is doing 8. is saving, 9. has informed 10. have rung 11. has not returned 12. Has been learning 13. has been leaking 14. have, been working 15. introduced 16.came 17. got 18. got 19. was sitting 20. got 21.was watching 22. was, watering 23.had finished 24. arrived 25., had started 26. was walking 27. broke28. have not seen 29. had, occupied 30. met 31.swimming 32. saw 33. reached 34. comes 35.gave 36. had left 37. Dancing/ To, dance 38.shall play 39. reads 40. Have been learning 41. delivers 42. was examining 43. has begun 44., will remain 45.spent 46.threw 47. had landed 48. is going 49. addressed 50. saw 51. are preparing 52., Had divided 53. will distribute 54. is running 55. worship 56. were standing 57.entered 58.congratulated, 59. was boarding 60. was cooking 61. talking 62. had completed 63. knows 64. are going 65.comes, 66.have not finished 67. was 68. finished 69.will catch 70. are paying 71. will be reading 72. had invited., By- Surendra suthar, b.a., b.ed., m.a.(english), mo.no.-7790808155