Notes of BSc. Second Year, Physics IMG-20211204-104755.jpeg - Study Material
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(xiii), 5.3. Statistical Physics, , , , , , The statistical basis of thermod:, The statist s ermodynamics, Probability and thermodynami, ‘ : a ermodyniamic, probability, principal of equal a priori probabilities, probability distribution and it, narrowing with increase in number of particles, The expressions for average properties,, , , , Constraints, accessible and ii, total energy into a discrete, , \ecessible states, Distribution of particle, et of energy, , , , with a gi, , , , Some universal laws : The mu space, into energy, states and into phase cells of arbi, harmonic oscillator and free particles, Equilibrium between two systems in thermal, contact, bridge with macroscopic physics. Probability and entropy, Boltzmann entropy, relation. Statistical interpretation of second law of thermodynamics, Boltzmann canonical, distribution law and its applications; rigorous form of equipartition of energy., , presentation, division of mu space, , , , ary size, applications to dimensional, , , , , , , Maxwellian, distribution of speeds in an ideal gas : Distribution of speeds, and of velocities, experimental verifications, distinction between mean, rms and most, probable speed values, Doppler broadening of spectral lines. eet, , , , Paper III, KINETIC THEORY AND THERMODYNAMICS, , , , , , 6.1. ideal Gas, , Kinetic model, deduction of Boyle's law, interpretation of temperature, estimation, of mms speeds of molecules. Brownian motion, estimate of the Avogadro number., , Equipartition of energy. Specific heat of monoatomic gas extension to di- and triatomic gases. Behaviour at low temperatures. Adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas., Applications to atmospheric physics., , Real Gas : Vander Waals gas, equation of state, nature of Vander Waals forces, comparison with experimental P-V curves. ‘The critical constants, gas and vapour, Joule expansion of an ideal gas and of a Vander ‘Waals gas, Joule coefficient, estimates, of J-T cooling., , Liquefaction of gases : Boyle temperature and inversion temperature, Principle, of regenerative cooling and of cascade cooling, liquefaction of hydrogen and helium,, Refrigeration cycles, meaning of efficiency., , Transport phenomena in gases + Molecular collisions, mean free path and, collision cross sections. Estimates of molecular diameter and mean free path, Transport, of mass, momentum and energy and interrelationship, dependence on temperature, and pressure., , 6.2. Thermodynamics _ ;, , b co . bie a ea we Toeth law, various diagrams, work done, , ia fae aban Reversible and i ib energy as a state function, : imeversible changes, Camot cycle and its