Page 1 : Principles and Practice of Nursing Management and Administration, , * Most probable time (M):, The best estimate of time required to accomplish a task,, assuming everything proceeds as normal., , * Expected time of activity (Tp):, The best estimate of the time required to accomplish a task,, assuming everything proceeds as normal (the expected time, is the average time the task would require if the task were, repeated on a number of occasions over an extended period, of time., , Another formula is used to estimate the shape of, , probability distribution for the expected time for each activity., This distribution described as variance (s*t,), , ef = bad?, sp = Vor, , * Prepare or draw a draft of net work diagram that should, show relationship between activities and events. This is done, by using arrow diagram. The elapsed time estimate is shown, by numbers on the arrow., , . Subject this network to mathematical analysis to identify the, critical path and amount and location of float. Revise the, relationship. Make changes, if required., , * Make another mathematical analysis., , Step no. 1 to 4 is line manager's functions and step no. 5 to 7, is staff functions for which one need to have the experts in, this field., , * Critical path:, , On the basis of mathematical analysis, critical activities are, determined. These are represented by a critical path which, shows that if activities on this path are not completed in time,, the entire project will be delayed by the amount the event is, delayed. Thus based on estimates, the earliest or latest start, time can be calculated for each activity; similarly the earliest, or latest finishing time can also be calculated. From the float, time for non critical path activities can also be calculated by, , , , Applications, , * Used in research and development projects, , * For developing, tooling and introducing a new projec;, , + To plan and execute the acquisition and installation of ,, electronic system, , * Development and administration of various training ,.., , grammes ;, + For management development and organizational plz..., , General Problems in Use of Network Analysis, , ® There is a chance to omit the necessary step at the —planning of project, , * Uncertainty is attached in time estimate, , « Amount of resources available is an important restricuc, ° There is a possibility to failure to keep all activities prog: ng, on schedule, , * Lack of trained staff to adopt PERT/CPM techniques, , FURTHER READINGS, 1. D'Aquila NW. Facilitating inservice programs, CPM. Project Evaluation and Review Technique, Method. Nurs Manage. 1993 May; 24(5)}-92-4. 96, , 1984 Feb;19(2):89-90, 94-7. (PubMed), , 3. Lee JK, Larry PR. Operations Management-Strategy and 272s, 5th edition, Addison Wesley (Pearson Education.Inc). c=, Reprint: 2000., , 4. Luttman RJ, Laffel GL, Pearson SD. Using PERT/CPM (Px, Evaluation and Review Technique/Critical Path M, design and improve clinical sy Mex, , Processes. Quality Manas:, Health Care 1995 Winter,3(2)-1-13, 5. ee Ferdinand KL. A Management Guide to PERT CP, ind ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1977.